Songshan NR is located at the northwest part of Yanqing, Beijing. Because it’s a part of Jundu Mountain in Yanshan Range, it neighbors many other protect areas and have a very good wildness environment. The Songshan is part of a complex ecosystem. An elevation difference of approximately 1600 m and neighbor with many other mountains creates a variety of habitats and life zones here.

Species known or thought to occur in the Songshan NR include 783 vascular plants (about 50% of the total number of vascular plants in Beijing ), 158 birds, 29 mammals, 15 reptiles, 2 amphibians, and 12 fishes. Leopard was historically occurred in here, but their present status is unknown.

Songshan includes outstanding geologic and hydrologic resources that are especially important in Beijing, including granite mountain, streams and hot spring. There are many zone of fracture underground caused by Yanshan geologic movement that products the fissure water, including stream and hot spring. The four border of Songshan is very high except southeast part, which make Songshan form a small isolated watershed and the only outlet of the flow is at Foyukou in the Southeast.